UPS (Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma)
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is a rare cancer that primarily develops in the soft tissues. It typically occurs in the arms or legs and less frequently in the retroperitoneum (area behind the abdominal organs). The name reflects the microscopic appearance of the cancer cells: “undifferentiated” indicates the cells don’t resemble the tissues where they originate, and “pleomorphic” refers to their varied shapes and sizes.
Characteristics and Behavior
UPS is known for its aggressive nature and potential to spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body. It is often detected when it causes noticeable symptoms such as swelling or a lump.
Symptoms
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma symptoms vary based on the tumor’s location. Symptoms may include a growing lump or swelling, pain, tingling, and numbness if the lump becomes large, and swelling in the hand or foot if an arm or leg is affected. Abdominal tumors may cause pain, loss of appetite, and constipation. Other symptoms can include fever and weight loss.
Causes
The exact cause of UPS is unknown. However, it is believed to result from genetic mutations that lead to abnormal cell growth in soft tissues.
Risk Factors
UPS is most commonly diagnosed in adults aged 50 and older. There are no specific known risk factors, but a history of radiation therapy or certain inherited conditions may increase the risk.
Treatment Options
Treatment for UPS typically involves a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Surgery aims to remove the tumor, while radiation and chemotherapy are used to target any remaining cancer cells and reduce the risk of recurrence.